There is no resource pooling across planets (unless you are a Trader and you have a high-level skill). You can move resources around with ships. You will use harvesters/cargo ships as much for moving resources between planets as you will for mining resources. Setup routes to bring resources from mining outposts into colonies, especially colonies that have shipyards.

Stars don't have names, planets do. Stars are just coordinates. You can only rename planets that you colonize or place a mining outpost on.